Dynamic Base Fees
Base fees that adjust to actual network demand
Transaction pricing on the X1 Blockchain consists of base fees and priority fees:
- Base fees dynamically adjust based on network congestion.
- Priority fees are optional user-set tips to validators, helping prioritize transactions in local fee market threads.
Solana’s Transaction Fee Model
Solana prioritizes transactions through local fee markets, but its static 5,000 lamport base fee per transaction signature is insufficient during periods of high demand. This leads to several issues:
- Spam vulnerability – Fixed fees fail to deter excessive low-value transactions.
- Lack of global adjustment – No system-wide Compute Unit (CU) accounting leads to congestion.
- Performance bottlenecks – Without dynamic pricing, low-priority transactions compete for resources, reducing efficiency.
X1’s Fee Model: Congestion-Reflective Dynamic Base Fees
X1 dynamically adjusts base fees based on global compute-unit (CU) congestion across its threads. The network enforces a 48M CU per block limit, with fees scaling based on resource consumption:
- Higher CU usage → Higher fees
- Increased network load → Progressive fee scaling
This economic backpressure ensures:
- ✅ Reduced spam – Costly low-value transactions are discouraged.
- ✅ Optimal resource allocation – Transactions reflect actual demand.
- ✅ Sustained performance – High-priority transactions maintain efficiency.
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Fee Model Comparison
| Blockchain | Execution Model | Base Fee Strategy | Spam Mitigation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethereum | Single-threaded | Global base fees, high costs | Limited |
| Solana | Multi-threaded | Local fee markets, static fees | Low deterrence |
| X1 | Multi-threaded | Dynamic base fees, congestion-based pricing | High deterrence |
X1 combines parallel execution (like Solana) with global base fee enforcement (like Ethereum). However, unlike Solana’s static base fees, X1 scales fees dynamically, ensuring fair transaction pricing based on computational demand.
The Impact of X1’s Pricing Model
The dynamic base fee system ensures low transaction costs, increasing only as network usage rises. This has several benefits:
- ✅ Higher validator earnings – As network activity grows, validator rewards increase.
- ✅ Deflationary effect – More transactions lead to higher native coin burns, increasing blockchain value.
- ✅ Efficient & cost-effective transactions – Spam is minimized, and fees align with demand.
By linking fees to actual computational load, X1 maintains high performance, scalability, and decentralization.
Technical Implementation
X1’s dynamic base fees optimize transaction costs while maintaining network integrity and efficiency, making it a robust alternative to traditional static fee models.